the country, and in 1915 the Altai Railway followed in the east. But then the First World War, the Russian Civil War and a famine led to a catastrophe from which the country only recovered very slowly [...] grew and new food processing and light industry enterprises were established. During the Second World War, industry grew because Moscow moved factories from contested western territories to Kazakhstan. [...] energy-rich Kazakhstan even has to import electric power. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Kazakhstan World Atlas: The Economy of Kazakhstan ХХ ғасырдағы Қазақстан экономикасының дамуы (Development of Kazakhstan's

Radio Works commenced operation in 1932, and began the mass production of televisions following World War II. New power stations delivered electricity, new canals and railways facilitated transportation [...] in Gorki (today Nishni Novgorod) the automotive plant GAZ churned out cars and trucks. One of the world’s most innovative aircraft manufacturers grew out of the Moscow office of the designer Andrei Niko [...] state. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Industrialization in the Soviet Union WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Russia World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Russia Perm. Motovolikha Copper Mill Russia was a union

connected the town to the Italian railway network via a winding and tunnelled route. As a result of war damage, however, operations were discontinued as early as 1944. Today, the manufacturing industry is [...] the economy is dominated by banking and tourism. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of San Marino World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in San Marino San Marino. Rimini-San Marino Railway

also had to sublet their beds for the time they were working. It was not until after the First World War that Europe's governments, together with non-profit cooperatives, systematically tackled the massive [...] ultimately supposed to produce a "New Man". The concept was put into practice after the Second World War when numerous satellite towns were founded for the workers of the gigantic new industrial plants

played an important role in pre-revolutionary Russia. Georgia declared independence after the First World War, which left massive devastation in its wake, and the 1918 revolution;, but the Soviet Union annexed [...] Tkibuli. Then, Europe’s insatiable thirst for energy triggered a massive rush of development. The world’s most powerful banking and industrial dynasties descended on Georgia to secure the region’s petroleum [...] energy and raw materials since the collapse of the USSR. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Georgia World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Georgia? Batumi. La petite ville de petrole Georgia was

(today Gǝncǝ), where an aluminium smelter, chemical and textile plants were established before World War II, contributed to economic diversification. The construction of a large hydroelectric plant at [...] tanker to carry the black gold across the Caspian Sea to the Volga. Branobel soon became one of the world’s largest oil companies. But in 1883, Alfons Rothschild built a rival transport route, financing a [...] the Mediterranean. At that time, Russia and the USA together accounted for close to 100% of the world’s crude oil production. Baku grew to become a multi-ethnic metropolis with European flair, while the

class formed and the first signs of urbanisation appeared in the mining centres. During the First World War and the following turmoil, the still agrarian, backward country suffered severely from hunger and [...] catastrophic earthquake in 1988 and the wars with neighbouring Azerbaijan have further aggravated the dramatic economic crisis. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Armenia World Atlas: The biggest industries in [...] 1956 by the highly respected mathematician Sergei Mergelian. The innovative computer families "Rasdan-2" and "Nairi" were developed there in the 1960s. The Museum of Science and Technology in Yerevan documents

spirits today, opened in Tiraspol, but sustained growth failed to materialise. After the First World War, Moldova became part of Romania. Although the new government immediately introduced agricultural [...] businesses that processed agricultural products, such as mills and oil presses. After the Second World War, the country once again passed into Russian hands and the government in Moscow launched a comprehensive [...] has since been in a severe, ongoing economic crisis. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Moldova World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Moldova? Chișinău. Old Station (oldchisinau.com) Moldova

intellectual exploitation as the Habsburg version of colonialism. Nevertheless, at the start of World War I, Bosnia was still a poor, predominantly agrarian country. There were no factory jobs to absorb [...] of Yugoslavian industry in the 1970s. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Bosnia and Herzegovina World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Bosnia and Herzegovina? Bosanski Brod. Railway Station Bosnia

and Slovenes”, becoming the poorest region of the first Yugoslavian state. In the period up to World War II, a few factories for processing foods, cotton and tobacco were established, mainly in Skopje [...] severely than the other constituent republics. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of North Macedonia World Atlas: What are the major natural resources of North Macedonia? Bitola. 'Dragor' Flour mill North

underdeveloped and had virtually no roads or railways. Education levels were extremely low. Following World War I, Italian companies began extracting petroleum; beyond that, industry consisted of a handful of [...] national collapse with looting, starvation and disorder. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Albania World Atlas: The biggest industries in Albania Tirana. 'Stalin' Textile Combine

housed in the imposing building of a socially-owned enterprise built before the First World War. Victorinox, the world’s largest manufacturer of pocket knives, is based in Switzerland, while the Austrian [...] the foundation for grinding technologies that were to set worldwide standards after the Second World War. Today, the cutlery industry is characterized by a strongly bipolar structure. There are workshops [...] neglected region. Sheffield, the centre of British cutlery production and the trade’s undisputed world champion in the 19th century, now stands for the deindustrialisation of a steel city. Only a few remains

Imperial War Musem Eisenerz (A). Ore Mountaine Adventure Essen (D) Zollverein Coking Plant WHS. Ice Ring Essen (D). Zollverein Coking Plant WHS. Swimming Pool Essen (D). Zollverein Mine World Heritage [...] German Technical Museum Birmingham (GB). Museum of the Jewellery Quarter Blaenavon (GB). Iron Work World Heritage Site Blegny (B). Blegny Mine WHS Bocholt (D). Textile Works LWL Industrial Museum Bochum

revived, initially mining of pyrite, in demand on account of its sulphur content, and shortly before World War I the American Cyprus Mining Company reopened the ancient copper mine at Skouriotissa. The Hellenic [...] near Mitseros in the Troodos Mountains starting in the 1920s. Copper mining was suspended during World War II and again during the Greek-Turkish conflict in 1974. In the aftermath, the island, which attained [...] centres of Kouklia, Kolossi and Episkopi were no longer able to withstand the competition from the New World. The occupation of this strategically important island by Britain in 1878 finally delivered substantial

the area of brown coal mining, another industry requiring a huge amount of land. During the First World War, the AEG power company set up the Zschornewitz brown coal works in the east-German coalmining area [...] in Wörlitz combined the beautiful with the useful, for the Enlightenment Prince hoped to make the world a better place by means of reason. Prince Franz reformed agriculture according to the latest state

after World War I led to the founding of the “Kingdom of Serbs, Croatians and Slovenes”, which also included the former Habsburg Voyvodina, the “bread basket” north of the Danube. However, the war’s devastation [...] back and forth between farmyard and factory: a special class of worker-peasants emerged. Following World War II, the massive efforts of the “Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia” delivered rapid successes [...] railway from Belgrade to Sarajevo in Bosnia through the rugged Sargan Mountains, begun before the War, was finally completed, and copper mining in Bor and cotton processing flourished. However, industry

1930s, the industry suffered a severe crisis that lasted until the demand for fish exploded during World War II. The second pillar of Iceland’s industry is based on the utilisation of energy from renewable [...] public protest on account of its environmental impact. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Iceland World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Iceland? Siglufjörður. Fishmeal Factory

ordered one ship, as the construction time was too long for them. When the strategic situation after World War II made a base in the Mediterranean superfluous, Britain withdrew from the island, and Malta became [...] only a small part of the island’s gross domestic product. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Malta World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Malta? Floriana. Tram Station at Piazza St Anna

result of pressure from the unions: this had sunk even further to around 50 hours by the First World War. Increasing leisure in the evenings, and soon on work-free Sundays, meant that a huge variety of [...] the largest and – after further extensions - allegedly the most impressive cinema palace in the world. Public film shows started in Paris in 1895 and quickly became the leading mass medium. The over-decorated [...] before it was equipped with bowling greens and roundabouts. The famous Big Wheel was built for the World Exhibition of 1897. By contrast the "Tivoli Gardens" in Copenhagen, based on London parks and built

the majority were still working individually by hand. The decisive element which turned the whole world of work on its head was mechanisation. The factory age began around the end of the 18th century in [...] leader. Milk conservation can also be traced back to military requirements. During the American Civil War in the 1860s Gail Borden developed condensed milk. A Swiss firm launched it onto the European market