industries. Thus large-scale beer production became possible during the summer months. At the same time people learnt how to control the temperature of the mash with a thermometer, and the amount of original

Mesopotamia and Egypt and in antiquity was already produced on a proto-industrial scale. Apparently, the people of what is now Hallstatt in Austria were the first to manufacture salt in large amounts. The production [...] "Hallstatt", because the german syllable "Hall-" goes back to the greek word salt. In the Hallstatt mine people already chiselled big chunks of rock salt from the walls in the 14th century BC. Between 800 and [...] finely woven, coloured woollen capes, broke large, heart shaped pieces of salt from the walls. The people became rich in the salt trade: archaeologists found such an amount of leftovers from their wealth

, the cotton factory founded by Scottish entrepreneur James Finlayson alone employed around 1600 people. In the last third of the 19th century, industrialisation accelerated. Wood and wood tar were in

and in the 1980s the former “breadbasket of eastern Europe” was no longer able to feed even its own people. Related Links ERIH Link List WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Romania World Atlas: What are the biggest industries

the Industrial Revolution, as the necessary labour force was now available. However, far too many people sought work in the burgeoning industrial cities, as mechanisation put millions of artisans out of [...] Moreover, those who did find work were paid a pittance, enough only for the cheapest accommodation. People slept five to a bed - and rented it out to strangers while they worked. Others lived in damp cellars [...] multi-storey blocks with up to six backyards, squeezing in more multi-storey blocks. Several thousand people lived in these estates. Hygiene in the working class districts was disastrous. With no sewers, rubbish

its citizens for unpaid public labour. Colonial powers often imposed forced labour on indigenous peoples: In addition to the Spanish, Dutch and French, the British in particular, who after the abolition [...] German industry and agriculture. In August 1944, the civilian labour force alone amounted to 6 million people, a good third of whom were women. After unsuccessful recruitment attempts, labour was conscripted [...] propagated by Goebbels, without pay, with miserable care, arbitrariness and violence. More than a million people died a miserable death. The list of companies involved reads like a Who's Who of German industry:

water droplets in the air formed sulphuric acid, which was inhaled by the population. Some 12,000 people died within two weeks. During a similar smog event in the Ruhr area in 1962, the death rate rose [...] researchers in the US realised that particulate matter in the air was probably the biggest health risk to people living in large cities. Particulate matter, or particulate matter, is made up of different chemical

just under a year, task forces ('Einsatzgruppen') of police and SS shot more than half a million people. There were several massacres, such as at Babi Yar, near Kyiv, where some 34,000 Jews were murdered [...] Between January 1942 and November 1944, when the camp was at full capacity, approximately 1.1 million people died in Birkenau. The railway connection, which was essential for industrial facilities, was a decisive [...] according to one survivor, up to 500 deaths per hour, and was increased by a conversion to up to 15,000 people per day. To dispose of the corpses, the SS used cremation ovens, as were known in Germany for cremations

member Images of Europe browse ERIH brochure Newsletter subscription Did you know? ... Stories about People ... recently ... Welcome to our new members: São Pedro da Cova (Portugal), São Pedro da Cova Mining [...] video Cookies in order to watch this video open cookie preferences ERIH STANDS IN SOLIDARITY WITH THE PEOPLE OF UKRAINE Listen Russia invaded Ukraine with its army and annexed regions of the country. Russia [...] We strongly disapprove the illegal unilateral attack, as well as the annexion, and hope that the people of Ukraine may soon live in peace again. In solidarity with Ukraine, we have removed the descriptions

in England, concrete connections have now been proven: English traders trafficked some 2.5 million people from Africa to the plantations of the Caribbean and North America in the 18th century - more than

are increasingly facing the retirement of their first generation of professionals and volunteers - people who experienced life in these industrial communities at first hand. Effective methods are needed

BARRIER-FREE ACCESS TO OUR WEBSITE Listen The ERIH website has been designed to be accessible to as many people as possible. We pay particular attention to accessibility and usability. Responsive web design Our

such as tuberculosis became rampant and the death rate skyrocketed. An early attempt to house many people in a small area were the "back to backs" in the English Midlands: plain brick cottages, built in [...] the inner courtyards, the builders squeezed up to six multi-storey "back houses". Several thousand people lived in such complexes, often four or five to a room with a kitchen - and they also had to sublet

disaster in its history: the Great Famine of 1845-49, caused by the potato blight. Around one million people died, and another million were forced to emigrate. The north weathered the crisis better, thanks

EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE ERIH'S PROJECT TO ATTRACT YOUNG PEOPLE TO INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE AS CARIER OPTION Listen All sites in Europe face the problem of finding well-trained staff, as industrial [...] why ERIH has set up the European Academy of Industrial Heritage with the aim of attracting young people, especially students, to European industrial heritage as a career option. In collaboration with

Workers' misery and labour movement Destruction of the environment Industrialised genocide Stories about People: Biographies Industrial Stories to Listen to "LINKING EUROPE" Virtual Exhibition Technology transfer

Workers' misery and labour movement Destruction of the environment Industrialised genocide Stories about People: Biographies Industrial Stories to Listen to "LINKING EUROPE" Virtual Exhibition Technology transfer

manages a regularly updated and well used website. Dialogue: ERIH provides an international forum for people involved in industrial heritage tourism and it also engages in advocacy and lobbying in relation

skills and competences. more EUR ACADEMY OF INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE Aim of the project is to attract young people to European industrial heritage as a career option. For this ERIH organises courses in cooperation

more efficient methods of production became necessary in order to supply the basic needs of so many people. In this situation Great Britain enjoyed three important advantages: an extremely productive and [...] were shooting out of the ground. At the same time a boom in the iron industry broke out. As soon as people discovered how to turn coal into coke iron manufacturers had excellent, almost unlimited reserves [...] structural development developed at a relatively early stage but in a completely different manner. Here people compensated for the lack of raw materials by specialising in niche products from silk weaving, cotton