"Hallstatt", because the german syllable "Hall-" goes back to the greek word salt. In the Hallstatt mine people already chiselled big chunks of rock salt from the walls in the 14th century BC. Between 800 [...] leaching. Presumably it was used for the first time in Hallein in Austria's Salzkammergut: in the mine a space carved out of the salt rock was filled with fresh water which absorbed the salt from the [...] pure potassium salt are to be found in a long stretch from east to west across Germany. The salt mines there can be recognized from far away by their whitish-grey mountain-like spoil heaps, which still
which opened in 1884 and ran from the booming coal mines in the Donez Basin via Yekaterinoslav (later Dnipropetrovsk, today Dnipro) to the iron-ore mines of Kryvyj Rih. In the 1860s and 70s, an enormous [...] enormous industrial landscape took shape in this region, termed “Donbass” for short, as ever more coal mines, iron works and settlements were established. The heart of this region was the city of Donezk, which
founding of the tractor works in Minsk, whose Belarus brand tractor remains the country’s most prominent export item. This was followed in 1947 by the automotive manufacturer MAZ, which specialised in
World War I granted Romania large territories, some of which were already industrially developed. Mines in Banat and Transylvania produced coal and ore, while Reʂita and Arad were centres of locomotive
the wage, children for even less. Children were in demand mainly for their size and agility: in the mines they had to pull coal-laden wagons through the lowest tunnels on all fours, in the spinning mills [...] from noise, dirt and pollutants: Tiny cotton flakes in the air in spinning mills, mineral dusts in mines, toxic chemicals in ironworks and chemical plants. Workplace accidents were common. Many men were [...] called for industrial action. In the 1810s, handloom weavers in Glasgow, spinners in Manchester and miners in Northumberland went on strike. In 1824 they succeeded in overturning the ban on coalitions, which
groups from the USSR itself were accused of disloyalty. Prisoners were mainly used in coal and ore mines, the timber and fishing industries, and on large construction sites, such as the construction of the [...] forced prison labour was used in virtually all industries. Notorious were the open-cast lignite mines, where extremely hard physical labour was required in all weathers. But even more dangerous was work
pollution - hence the combination of the words 'smoke' and 'fog' to form 'smog'. As the number of coal mines and smelting works increased, black smoke became a widespread phenomenon in the British Isles, eventually
chemicals to clean and bleach the vast quantities of linen and cotton fabrics. Three substances rose to prominence: sulphuric acid, soda and chlorine. However, their closely related production processes caused
mass-produced by slaves, such as sugar, coffee and tobacco, provided the capital for the new coal mines and textile factories, has found new appreciation in the course of debates on post-colonialism. At
of the largest energy producers in the socialist federation: More coal mines were built, especially the huge open-cast coal mine in Ekibastuz, natural gas production was expanded, and oil wells sprang
result in economic growth because the peasants remained dependent on the noble landowners, and in the mines of the Urals, which were worked by serfs, iron production even declined. However, the expanding rail
where most of the raw materials were worked as well. In the Basque province of Vizcaya however, mines and steel works proliferated, stimulated by Britain’s insatiable demand for iron. On their return [...] The government subsidised exports and supported the expansion of the labour-intensive Asturian coal mines and Basque steel works. The INI attempted to keep the shipbuilding industry competitive by merging
for the exhibition area in circular thickener I of the "Portal of Industrial Heritage" at Zollverein Mine World Heritage Site in Essen. It complements the multimedia information offered by the "Portal of
plant was established in Sestaponi in 1933, which forged special alloys using manganese from the mines of Chiatura. Starting in 1950, the Rustavi steelworks, the largest in the Caucasus, produced seamless
the kingdom of the Serbian Nemanjids. The successful silver and lead mines in Janjevë and especially in Novobërdë even attracted miners from Saxony. The present-day capital Prishtinë became a trading hub [...] A British company invested in the extraction of lead, zinc and other raw materials in the Trepça mine complex. The Sharrcem cement factory, still active today, started operations and the railway network [...] in 2008, the economic crisis worsened. Related Link WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Kosovo Mitrovica. Trepça mine Kosovo was part of the 'Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia', which disintegrated since 1991
literary figure. The Rossel Forge, which opened in the 1840s and closed in 1876 when the Andorran iron mines ceased production , is today a museum. The Areny family has also been active in the iron business