Emil Skoda was one of the engineers who laid the foundations for the prosperity of heavy industry in the Czech lands in the early twentieth century. He was born, the son of a physician who was active in [...] the army, and heavy guns for the navy. The capacity of the works was greatly increased during the First World War after which it was purchased by Schneider et Cie from Le Creusot. In 1924 the company took
Carl Zeiss, by origin a maker of lenses, was one of the leaders of the photographic industry in Europe in the mid-nineteenth century, and in the twentieth century the successors to the company he founded [...] Weimar, studied at the university of Jena, and in 1846 let up a workshop where he made lenses, at first for microscopes and then for cameras. He won a prize at the Thuringia Industrial Exhibition in 1861
houses – that's Zeeland at first glance. A visit to the Zeeland Industrial Museum reveals that the sunniest region of the Netherlands also has a lot to offer in terms of industry. Who would have thought,
Ruskin Hall (now Ruskin College), Oxford, in 1900. While on military service in India during the First World War he learned Sanskrit. He was employed at the railway works, principally as a hammerman, between [...] between 1892 and 1914, when ill-health caused him to seek outdoor employment as a market gardener. His first significant publication, Songs of Wiltshire, appeared in 1902, and A Wiltshire Village, ten years [...] district in which I find myself’, but, unusually, he was also interested in describing large-scale industry. His Life in Railway Factory, published in 1915, provides a vivid record of a management regime
cannon. De Wendel was responsible for the construction of the Fonderie Royale at Le Creusot, the first stage of which included four blast furnaces, and 24 km of iron railway. The last stages of the journey [...] received ?8000 in compensation. William Wilkinson never became a commanding figure in the British iron industry, but his role in transmitting new technologies to France was of great importance.
industrialist in several sectors during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. By the time of the First World War he employed some 30,000 people, principally in manufacturing armaments. Weiss came from [...] take over his father’s grain-trading company. In 1883, he and his brother Berthold established the first canning factory in Hungary with large buildings on Lövölde Square. It produced canned meat under the [...] Two years later he opened a textile factory at Ružomberok (now in Slovakia). By 1890, the arms industry was the most important branch of Weiss’s activities. He opened a subsidiary in Berlin to produce
patronage of Queen Charlotte, and exported to America and the Caribbean. In 1770 he fulfilled the first of many orders for the Empress Catherine of Europe, and in 1771-2 sent a succession of parcels of [...] production, and his flair for marketing were his contributions to the development of the ceramics industry. He was active in the promotion of turnpike roads, and of canals, particularly prominent of the
Enskilda bank after his father’s death. He was also a politician and Swedish foreign minister during the First World War. His half-brother was Markus Laurentius Wallenberg (1864-1943) , who trained in law and [...] Diesel, Saab and Ericsson. The Wallenberg family continues to be closely involved in finance and industry – currently the sixth generation.
exciting museum. Here visitors can find out more about the past history of the local textile industry at first hand. In the offices they can eavesdrop on the clerks. Later they can travel alongside the bales
of Italy. It has no industry and must be supplied from outside with virtually all necessities, including electricity, gas and water. The closest the Vatican City has to an industry is its Printing Office [...] for trains of the Italian state railways was built in the gardens behind St. Peter's Basilica. The first pope to use it was John-Paul XXIII in 1962. In the meantime, tourist excursions to the papal summer
campaigned for shared distribution, a trade association and high import duties. During the First World War, the industry was highly profitable. At this time Urgoiti developed his interests in publishing - to [...] Nicolás María de Urgoiti y Achúcarro was a leader of the Spanish paper manufacturing industry who became an important figure in publishing. After beginning as an engineer he merged several paper mills [...] Europe examining new practices. In 1901 he designed a merger to reduce competition and strengthen the industry. Eleven factories united in a new company, La Papelera Española, which produced 68% of Spanish paper
train transported coal and passengers for the first time. The locomotive came from the workshop of George Stephenson in Newcastle, who then built the first long-distance line between Manchester and the [...] pioneers of steam-powered shipping came from the USA, but the first iron-hulled steamer was built by the Briton Aaron Manby in 1822. The first scheduled steamship connection with North America was established [...] accessible deposits of the key resources coal and iron ore lay in the soils of Great Britain. The first pioneering inventions were triggered by a shortage of wood, the main fuel for businesses and households
fell into the hands of the czars. During this period, the land-owning Polish nobility erected the first grain mills and factories for processing agricultural products here, particularly sugar beets. The [...] multiple Black Sea ports for strategic reasons, including the subsequent metropolis Odessa. The first iron rolling mill was erected in Luhansk in the coal-rich Donez Basin in 1795, also for the military [...] much needed impetus to industrialisation by freeing up labour for the factories. Construction of the first railway began in 1866, which made it possible to transport wheat from Balta to Odessa. Even more important
owners and ultimately connected the Black Sea coast and eastern Anatolia to its network. Although the first Turkish power station – today the santral istanbul energy museum – was established in Istanbul under [...] hydroelectric plants. After the Great Depression of 1929, the government pushed the establishment of industry. Following the example of the Soviet Union, the government formulated five-year plans and founded [...] the Black Sea commenced operation in 1965. Among the increasing number of private start-ups was the first bakery of sweets manufacturer Ülker in 1944, today a global business. Ömer Sabancı, originally a cotton
The pharmaceutical industry is often considered to be concerned primarily with drugs that combat disease, but it also encompasses skin care products, as well as bandages and plasters that intended for [...] establishing a co-operation agreement with Lehn & Fink in the United States in 1892 and opening his first overseas branch in London in 1906, but continuing to work from a manufacturing base in Hamburg. He [...] From 1909 Troplowitz produced a lap balm called Labello in 1909, which two years later became the first product of its kind to be marketed in a squeezable tube. Originally the tubes were made of tin, then
Britain. Nevertheless it was an American, Robert Fulton, who succeeded in building the first steamship – even before the first locomotive took to the rails. The "Clermont", a flat bottomed boat with two huge [...] A gigantic new market had been opened for the ironmaking industry. Railways gave the other great boost to industrialisation. They were first used in collieries, where goods wagons ran on wooden rails [...] when the first really marketable internal combustion engine was launched by the German travelling salesman, Nicolaus August Otto. Otto’s époque-making idea was the four-stroke principal. On the first stroke
August Thyssen was one of the principal entrepreneurs in the iron and steel industry of the Ruhrgebiet, whose influence spread throughout Europe. He was born in the mining town of Eschweiler near Aachen [...] large gas engines. He acquired coal and iron ore mines to supply the company’s furnaces, and when the First World War broke out had interests in the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, France and South America
the cotton industry in Britain and then helped to establish mechanised textile industries in two regions – the city of Hamburg and lower Austria. He grew up on a farm in Yorkshire. His first job was with [...] Karl Glave-Kobielski, who was also an industrial spy in England. As a result, Thornton built the first water-powered cotton factories in Austria – at Hernals and Pottendorf near Vienna. Investment came
regions in the world. Oil, and later gas, was first extracted here in the 19th century. However, it was not until after the Second World War that the oil industry really took off, including in the town of [...] of Ivanić-Grad in western Moslavina. In 1949, the first of seven oil fields was discovered here, and the town and its surrounding area became known as "Little Kuwait" due to the number of pumps used. In
like woven silk, china and leather goods. Such traditional trades were the first to be mechanised and this explains why the first major strikes happened in the silk-processing industries. Skilled workers [...] The first large-scale organised workers movements were successful in demanding higher wages, and demands for a twelve-hour working day were soon followed by demands for a ten-hour day. The first improvements [...] dictated the rhythm of progress to the rest of Europe from 1750 onwards for the next century or so. The first spinning frames were created on the British Isles. These were followed by mechanical weaving looms
