‘engine’ and its shorter form ‘gin’. Hargreaves could not read and write and worked as a domestic hand-loom weaver with his own spinning wheel and loom in his cottage. At this time, demand for thread was
The mechanisation of the laborious process of making paper by hand was developed by several inventors around 1800. In France, Nicholas-Louis Robert developed a method for pouring paper pulp onto a continuous
and it still exists there, exporting its products globally. Files and rasps of different kinds are hand tools used since prehistoric times to work metals, wood and stone and essential in a wide variety [...] jewellery, locksmithing and watchmaking. Until the nineteenth century, files were manufactured by hand. Steel blanks were forged, ground on a wheel and annealed before the lines in the surface were cut [...] location for the industry as the exploitation of the huge pine forest of Pinhal de Leiria required hand tools and provided fuel for forges. Products could be taken from Vieira to the two great trading ports
it was publicly unveiled in 1909. Bakelite was used in radio housings, distributor caps, telephone hand pieces, electric plugs, jewellery, cameras, ash trays, fountain pens and many other characteristic
the works of Charles Darwin (1809-82) and Hermann Melville (1819-91). His first travel guide, A Handbook for Travellers to Holland, Belgium and the Rhine appeared in 1836 and was followed by guides to [...] they feature, which can be of great interest to historians of industry. The fifteenth edition of A Handbook for Travellers on the Continent being a guide to Holland, Belgium, Prussia, Northern Germany and
He took issue with his contemporary railway engineers, considering that steam locomotives could handle steeper gradients that those on the lines built by Robert Stephenson (1803-59), and fiercely opposing
worker. Two years later he formed Götze & Hartmann, a mechanical engineering company in which he handled technological developments and his new partner the commercial aspects. In the same year he purchased
rubber company before the end of 1934. André Citroën died the following year but the firm, in new hands, continued to prosper. The Traction Avant was assembled abroad in factories at Vorst (Belgium), Cologne
which in 1828 had produced Rheinreise von Mainz bis Cöln ein Handbuch für Schnelreisende (Journeys on the Rhine from Mainz to Cologne: a handbook for travellers on the move) by Professor Johannes August Klein [...] interest which appeared in 1846 in his first ‘red guide’, the Handbuch für Reisende durch Deutschland und den Oesterreichischen Kaiserstaat (Handbook for travellers through Germany and the Austrian Empire).
Italy, Spain, Portugal, the Rhineland, the Ottoman Empire and India. Bradshaw’s Descriptive Railway Hand-Book of Great Britain and Ireland , was published in four parts in 1863, and in recent years has been
The life of Margarete Steiff is an heroic story of triumph over handicaps. It is also a significant part of the industrial history of Europe, of the growing tendency in the closing years of the 19th century
circular notes, the forerunners of travellers’ cheques. His first Continental Timetable & Tourists’ Handbook , listing all the main railway and passenger shipping routes in Europe, and some beyond, appeared
the vast Dinorwig slate quarry. Here you can see slate-splitting demonstrations by traditional hand-craftsmen revealing the skills and artistry of generations of quarry workers. Much of the site still looks
techniques, spring mattresses, filigree jewellery and even a wire chain tanga. There are plenty of hands-on activities too. Visitors can try their skills on historic wire-drawing and rolling machines. In
the Bochum suburb of Dahlhausen arouses a lot of nostalgia. On Sundays there is always a hand-lever trolley at hand on which to drive up and down the huge site to inspect the points, water tower, turntable
museum. Here visitors can find out more about the past history of the local textile industry at first hand. In the offices they can eavesdrop on the clerks. Later they can travel alongside the bales of jute
For more than 30 years she ran and developed the ironworks and the ironworks village with a firm hand and sometimes questionable methods, earning her the nickname 'Her Grace'. In addition to the ironworks
revolution and the commercial impact of empire. The collections related to transport range from handcarts and cranes used in the docks to the Lion steam locomotive built in Leeds in 1838 for the Liverpool
commercial hand embroidery in Plauen was well-known, and in 1828 more than 2,000 people were employed in whitework embroidery. The industrialization of the craft proceeded just as quickly. The first hand embroidery
