chemical products such as seeds, fertilisers and pesticides, they also became more dependent on a handful of large international companies with strong research capabilities. The environmental and health

process. Now the only hurdle left was the problem of setting the type, which was traditionally done by hand. This was solved in the USA in 1884 by a watchmaker named Ottmar Mergenthaler whose Lynotype machine

invented by John Kay in 1733. This meant that weavers no longer pulled through the warp threads by hand, but shot them through with the help of a cable. Weaving was thus accelerated to such an extent that

guns and pistols which looked alike, but in the final assembly every single part had to be fitted by hand. Now gun makers from North America, like Samuel Colt, developed high-precision machine tools, which

The Katowice College of Individual Interdisciplinary Studies lets students individually design their curriculum. To do this, they choose one (or more) leading study programme, which can be expanded to

Alexandra Alves presents an original project, called “Industrial Tourism” and launched in 2012, that makes S. João da Madeira, a Portuguese city of approximately 22,500 inhabitants, a pioneer in the d