accused of disloyalty. Prisoners were mainly used in coal and ore mines, the timber and fishing industries, and on large construction sites, such as the construction of the White Sea-Baltic Sea Canal in [...] especially in the chemical industry. From the 1950s, forced prison labour was used in virtually all industries. Notorious were the open-cast lignite mines, where extremely hard physical labour was required
money from the import of colonial goods, but also banks and insurance companies, as well as inland industries that processed imported goods: Sugar refineries, tobacco factories and coffee houses boomed throughout [...] captured large parts of the European economy and created capital for later industrialisation. The industries then contributed decisively to the next wave of colonialism in the late 19th century. This created [...] nations, which increasingly rivalled aggressively for colonies, were the needs of the dominant industries. Industrialisation also changed the ideological side of colonialism: in 1807, England banned the
banking and tourism. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of San Marino World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in San Marino San Marino. Rimini-San Marino Railway
of the city-state. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Monaco World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Monaco? Monaco. Gasholder of the gasworks
massively in heavy industry - but as was so often the case, at the expense of the light and food industries, so that Kazakhstan had to import finished goods largely from the Soviet Union. Due to its wealth
economic crisis. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Moldova World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Moldova? Chișinău. Old Station (oldchisinau.com) Moldova was a union republic of the 'Union
dramatic economic crisis. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Armenia World Atlas: The biggest industries in Armenia Alawerdi Region. Copper and Molybdenum Mining Armenia was a union republic of the 'Union
recalls Georgia’s lost silk manufacturing. A self-aware, working class developed in tandem with the industries and played an important role in pre-revolutionary Russia. Georgia declared independence after the [...] collapse of the USSR. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Georgia World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Georgia? Batumi. La petite ville de petrole Georgia was a union republic of the 'Union of Soviet
Petroleum industry in Azerbaijan History of development of oil industry World Atlas: The biggest industries in Azerbaijan Neft Daşları. Oil platform Azerbaijan was a union republic of the 'Union of Soviet
1970s. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Bosnia and Herzegovina World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Bosnia and Herzegovina? Bosanski Brod. Railway Station Bosnia and Herzegovina was part of the
even further. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Montenegro World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Montenegro? Herceg-Novi. Zelenika Station Montenegro was part of the 'Socialist Federal Republic
by low wages and taxes. Companies werne established mainly in the metal, machinery and apparatus industries, , and many of these businesses are still in operation today. The Scana cannery, which opened in [...] leading company for vacuum and surface technology. In the 1950s, the country’s recently founded industries experienced dramatic growth, with the numbers of employees sometimes increasing fivefold. Some [...] n in Liechtenstein (pdf) WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Liechtenstein World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Liechtenstein? Triesen. Jenny, Spoerry & Cie. Cotton Mill
than in spinning, other countries were able to keep pace with Great Britain. Competitive weaving industries were established mainly in the New England states of the USA, in France, Switzerland, Germany and
industrialisation in the UK, because salt now was increasingly sought for as a commodity for chemical industries. Particularly it was needed to produce soda, a bleaching agent in the booming cotton business. [...] earned its once leading position by producing soda. Since the end of the 19th century, chemical industries have an increasing demand for potassium salts. Because potassium is a major nutrient for plants
20 years later an Australian, James Harrison, introduced refrigerators to the meat and brewing industries. Thus large-scale beer production became possible during the summer months. At the same time people
years more to bring it to perfection. By 1829 engineers from the sophisticated British mechanical industries had automated the entire process: they added a number of rolls to the system which were heated
quickly became a huge success throughout Europe, because emerging new sectors like the electrical industries relied heavily on high-precision parts. Thus industrial production was changed forever – and the [...] the past. During this period of great innovations countless technical improvements from civilian industries were adapted for military use. The "Industrialisation of War", which followed, was exemplified [...] Entente felt forced to join the crude competition and ordered the same materials from their chemical industries. Moreover, both sides heavily relied on chemists for the replacement of goods they could no longer
