years more to bring it to perfection. By 1829 engineers from the sophisticated British mechanical industries had automated the entire process: they added a number of rolls to the system which were heated
20 years later an Australian, James Harrison, introduced refrigerators to the meat and brewing industries. Thus large-scale beer production became possible during the summer months. At the same time people
industrialisation in the UK, because salt now was increasingly sought for as a commodity for chemical industries. Particularly it was needed to produce soda, a bleaching agent in the booming cotton business. [...] earned its once leading position by producing soda. Since the end of the 19th century, chemical industries have an increasing demand for potassium salts. Because potassium is a major nutrient for plants
Russia only increased. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Ukraine World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Ukraine? Heinrich Böll Stiftung Kyiv: Soviet Economic Integration or Industrial Colonialism
factories when Latvia gained independence in 1918. However, the government succeeded in building new industries on the basis of domestic raw materials such as wood and flax. Agricultural productivity was enhanced [...] still relatively intact. As natural resources were lacking, Moscow encouraged labour-intensive industries – and the new rulers also wanted to bind the Baltic more closely with the USSR at the same time [...] sector. Related Links ERIH Link-List WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Latvia World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Latvia? Līgatne. Riga Paper Mill and Village Listen Latvia was a union republic of the 'Union
resources and in particular lacks coal and iron ore, the basic ingredients of the classic heavy industries. Only potash (potassium carbonate), used in making fertilisers and in glass manufacture, is available [...] government did not construct any heavy industrial plants in Belarus, but instead developed the existing industries and expanded the industrial base: new plants now manufactured sewing machines and synthetic fibres [...] Russian military. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Belarus World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Belarus? Grodno. Bridge of Saint Petersburg-Warsow Railway crossing Neman river Belarus was
were fulfilled, which guaranteed a base level of revenues. Starting from the end of the 1950s, new industries such as chemical plants, oil refineries and plastics factories emerged with the help of government [...] around the world. The country also exports oil drilling platforms, machinery for the wood and paper industries, and cranes and forklifts. Since the service sector surpassed manufacturing as the most important [...] An Economic History of Finland WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Finland World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Finland? Fiskars. Ironworks
government worked to encourage the growth of industry. Up until World War I, typical “entry-level” industries such as food production, textile manufacturing and wood- and metal working emerged, but the strongest [...] government attempted to correct its course, placing greater emphasis on more technically sophisticated industries and cooperation with western businesses: the Dacia automotive plant in Piteʂti has been manufacturing [...] the 1970s, Romania was even exporting offshore drilling rigs. In the spirit of self-sufficiency, industries produced a wide range of petroleum derivatives, as well as pharmaceuticals, locomotives and electronic
accused of disloyalty. Prisoners were mainly used in coal and ore mines, the timber and fishing industries, and on large construction sites, such as the construction of the White Sea-Baltic Sea Canal in [...] especially in the chemical industry. From the 1950s, forced prison labour was used in virtually all industries. Notorious were the open-cast lignite mines, where extremely hard physical labour was required
is the title of the new ERIH project, with the EU funding… more 15-12-2024 | German Journal Industriekultur 4.24 presents four ERIH Anchor Points in Poland and Switzerland Attendees of this year's ERIH
ed by articles on the industrial history of the countries of Europe and the development of the industries that make up the theme routes. ERIH is certified as a "Cultural Route of the Council of Europe”
money from the import of colonial goods, but also banks and insurance companies, as well as inland industries that processed imported goods: Sugar refineries, tobacco factories and coffee houses boomed throughout [...] captured large parts of the European economy and created capital for later industrialisation. The industries then contributed decisively to the next wave of colonialism in the late 19th century. This created [...] nations, which increasingly rivalled aggressively for colonies, were the needs of the dominant industries. Industrialisation also changed the ideological side of colonialism: in 1807, England banned the
massively in heavy industry - but as was so often the case, at the expense of the light and food industries, so that Kazakhstan had to import finished goods largely from the Soviet Union. Due to its wealth
Industrialization in the Soviet Union WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Russia World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Russia Perm. Motovolikha Copper Mill Russia was a union republic of the 'Union of Soviet Socialist
of the city-state. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Monaco World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Monaco? Monaco. Gasholder of the gasworks
banking and tourism. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of San Marino World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in San Marino San Marino. Rimini-San Marino Railway
WIKIPEDIA: Revolución industrial en España WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Spain World Atlas: The biggest industries in Spain Barakaldo. Altos Hornos de Vizcaya Steel Works
College, was established in 1854. The south and west continued to stagnate with modest food-products industries; successful major companies such as Jacob’s Biscuits and the famous Guinness Brewery in Dublin [...] taxes to attract foreign investors. As wages too were very low, businesses in labour-intensive industries such as textile and shoe production and plastics processing soon set up shop. Following Ireland’s [...] ERIH Link List WIKIPEDIA: Economy of the Republic of Ireland World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Ireland? Dublin. Jacob Biscuit Factory
