proved the importance of sewage disposal and clean water supply in his 1842 Report on The Sanitary Condition of the Labouring Population of Great Britain . At the time, Hamburg extracted water from the same

works was in an uninhabited area close to supplies of iron ore. He built a village with good living conditions to attract a workforce, including gardens, free firewood and free medicine. He also established

responsible for principal toll-roads in the area. McAdam advised parliamentary enquiries on the condition of roads and wrote an influential book in 1816, Remarks on the Present System of Road Making. He

and Germany. After the European revolutions of 1848 he decided to look towards the more stable conditions in Russia and Poland where his uncle had a factory at Ozorków, 20 kilometres from Łodz. When his

sentenced to ten years imprisonment as a war criminal. In 1951 he is prematurely released on the condition that he never sets foot in the Saar region again. The following dispute between France and the Röchling

tramways to join the ITGWU. Once again, he locked out workers until they were forced to accept his conditions.

family of merchants at Liverpool who were religious nonconformists with strong interests in social conditions. Her father died when she was aged 11: she was left one third of his wealth. From the age of 16

University of Göttingen. He published papers on thermodynamics and optics, including the ‘Abbe sine condition’, which was a mathematical rule that informed the improved performance of optical systems. At the

Britain’s mills was imported from the Americas, where it was grown and harvested under inhumane conditions on plantations by enslaved people who had either been forcibly transported to the Americas as part

was adapted as a cotton mill. He sold it in 1836 to a group of businessmen from St Petersburg on condition that they retained the Finlayson name, and after two years when he acted as adviser to the new company

facilities prisoners from concentration camps were forced to work under inhumane working and living conditions, tens of thousands of them met their death. As the war neared its end von Braun came under increasing

of Ghent in 1800. However, when Napoleon fell from power in 1814 at a time of difficult trading conditions the government required the repayment of its loans and Bauwens was made bankrupt. He died in Paris

intelligently-designed tenements. In 1844 he became a founder member of the Society for Improving the Condition of the Labouring classes for whom his first projects were a group of model dwellings in Pentonville

introduce his invention with support from the French government. He was paid a fee and pension on condition that he cut off his involvement with the English textile trades. His shuttle was adopted in French

his workforce and developing talented individuals. His company was also known for good working conditions, including free medical care. His wife Hilda Simonsson, whom he married in 1878, took a close interest

August 1939 he was arrested by the Gestapo. He was imprisoned, then made to work under slave labour conditions as a weaver, and at one time weighed only 45 kilos. After about four years he was transferred to

months he wrote "The Condition of the Working Classes in England", which was published in 1845. It reflects the anger and the guilt of a member of a mercantile family at the living conditions that observed in

Frederick Simmons bought the right to make the Phoenix and to use the Daimler name in Great Britain, on condition that Gottlieb Daimler returned to the company. Struggles with board members continued until Daimler`s

Bryant & May, and subsequently helped them to form a trade union which organised a strike for better conditions. For a few years she was a leading figure in the ‘New Unionism’, playing a prominent role in the

detail, based on his reading in social history, and on scientific observation of working and living conditions in industrial areas. For the industrial historian the two most important of more than 30 novels