gaming and horse-racing, but during his Grand Tour in 1753-55 he diverted from the usual routes from Paris towards Italy to visit the Canal du Midi in Languedoc, and was impressed by it. He gave up London

pioneer of refrigeration, for whom he worked in Winterthur, then in Paris and in Berlin. His first experiments with an engine were in Paris in 1885, and he was granted a patent in Germany in 1892. In 1893 [...] sparking plug, and could be operated with fuels that were cheaper than petrol. Diesel was born in Paris, the son of a Bavarian leather craftsman, and was educated at the Technische Hochschule, Munich. For

which the site at Ardeer was acquired in 1871, in the United States in 1866, at Sevran 16 km NE of Paris, in 1870, and in Switzerland and Italy. Nobel’s factories did much to foster the growth of chemical

in South America, but high speed versions were built for Spain and for the Algerian section of the Paris, Lyon & Mediterranean Railway. The last were built in 1958, and the factory closed in 1966. Beyer

locomotives, steamships, bridges, iron frames for buildings, including the Gare d’Austerlitz in Paris, and armaments, particularly artillery pieces. From about 1870 it produced mild steel by both the

travelling to enlarge his understanding of engineering, working on the gas engine of J J Lenoir in Paris, gaining experience in a locomotive works at Strasburg, and at the factory of Joseph Whitworth (1803-87)

ancestral name was Bonickhausen,. He studied chemistry at the Ecole Centrale des Arts et Manufactures in Paris, but became a railway engineer, designing stations at Toulouse and Agen. From 1864, when he was 32 [...] Giron in Catalonia in 1876-7, and other pedestrian bridges at Chaumont in the 19th arrondisement of Paris in 1867 and at Bry-sur-Marne in 1893-4. His best-known and most spectacular achievements were the [...] on frame for the Statue of Liberty, whose construction he supervised from 1885, and the tower in Paris, built in 1887-9 that marked the centenary of the French Revolution. While it was being built he was

interval of peace that followed the treaty of Amiens in 1802 he visited Frankfurt, Strasburg and Paris. Watt also developed a copying process in 1781. Copies were kept of engine drawings and of the outgoing

links with the continental Europe, and supplied steam engine cylinders and cast-iron pipes for the Paris waterworks in the 1780s. The Founderie Royale was initially unsuccessful, and William Wilkinson returned

born in Budapest but left Hungary with his family in 1919 to settle in Gstaad. He then studied in Paris with Leon Janssdy, the town planner, and Auguste Perret, a pioneer of concrete construction. He came [...] permanently in London late in 1934 and designed the children’s section of the British pavilion at the Paris Exhibition of 1937. In that year he built a terrace of three houses at Willow Road, Hampstead, one

Quimper in France during the 1870s, Berlin in 1868, in Canterbury, New Zealand in 1877 and at the Paris Exhibition of 1900. Mowing machines won plaudits in Ireland and at Franeker in the Netherlands, and

Eisenwerk of Hamburg, Boeke & Huidekooper of Groningen, H C Peterson & Co of Copengagen and T Pilter of Paris began production of the separator under license. Laval formed a partnership in 1878 with Oscar Laam

oppressive aspects of working class life in industrial Europe in the nineteenth century. Zola was born in Paris, the son of a naturalized Italian engineer, but from 1843 spent his childhood years in Aix-en-Provence [...] vence. His family became poor following the death of his father in 1847 and he returned to Paris in 1858, finding employment as a clerk with a shipping firm, but also gaining the acquaintance of such artists

1949 with Le Sang des Betes (Blood of Beasts), a documentary about the principal slaughterhouse in Paris, which shows, in a subtly deadpan manner, scenes of disturbing cruelty to animals, carried out as

Byrd for flights over the poles, and for one of the first transatlantic flights from New York to Paris in July 1927. In 1931 Fokker returned to the Netherlands where he built an enlarged version of the

suffered from ill-health that a long sea voyage and a stay in Egypt failed to cure, and he died in Paris at the age of 35. Percy Gilchrist also suffered from ill-health, but retired early, and lived to the

Marken’s plant at Delft, and for many other food factories. The company displayed its products at the Paris World Exhibition in 1893. Stork was strongly Protestant in religion. As an employer he was an enlightened

Wilhelm Hegel. In 1844 he went to Paris where he began a lifelong friendship with Friedrich Engels. The two were forced to move to Brussels in 1845, but Marx returned to Paris in 1848 where he witness the

exhibition on electricity in Germany, having been inspired by a similar exhibition that he saw in Paris. The following year, with Emil Rathenau (1838-1913) he became a director of the Edison corporation [...] objective of creating in Germany collections that are the equal of the equivalent institutions in London, Paris and Washington DC. Miller died during a visit to the museum.

steadily devalued as it was applied to some services within particular countries, such as those between Paris and Strasbourg or Hamburg and Stuttgart, and by the introduction of second class on some trains. The