1818, Brunel had patented a tunnelling ‘shield’. This was a reinforced shield of cast iron in which miners would dig forwards in separate compartments. The shield was driven forward by jacks and the tunnel

1775, he and Watt created their formal partnership to design and install steam engines, typically at mines and blast furnaces. The parts were made by others under their supervision and they took a royalty

j was a Ukrainian banker and industrialist who created companies that developed large-scale coal mines, railways and steelworks in the Donbas basin in the late 19th century, making it one of the most important [...] under-developed Donbas coalfield. In 1879 he founded the Altschewskyj Mining Society, which opened mines for anthracite and became the third largest coal producer in the region. In 1895, he cofounded the [...] steelworks at Sartana near Mariupol. His Southern Mining Society, founded in 1898, took over coal mines at Kryvyi Rih and Kerch. Altschewskyj was an advocate for social causes, education and Ukrainian culture

products included hoists for the docks at Liverpool, underground engines for coal mines, and machinery for lead mines and dressing plants in Co Durham. He invented the hydraulic accumulator in 1850-1. [...] During the Crimean War he became involved with the manufacture of armaments, mines for the Royal Navy, and field guns for the army, and established a munitions plant alongside the hydraulic works at Elswick

north-east Scotland, and after demobilisation trained as a miner at Oakdale in South Wales. He married a Welsh woman, the daughter of a miner, in 1950. He worked for eleven years in the Crumlin Navigation

engines for draining mines while staying near Newcastle-upon-Tyne. He returned to Sweden in 1726 and the following year erected the country’s first steam engine at the celebrated iron ore mine at Dannemora. It [...] It was unsuccessful, but the engine house still stands and is the focus of visits to the mine and to nearby Österby Bruk. Having returned to Sweden Triewald gave public lectures modelled on those of D

John Blenkinsop to make a more reliable locomotive. In 1815, he invented a safety lamp for use in mines (the same year Humphry Davy invented one). He then began to design complete railways. He built the

Stockton & Darlington Railway in 1825. Robert left the country in 1824 to establish gold and silver mines in Colombia, South America. On his return journey in 1827 he met the locomotive pioneer Richard Trevithick

region. Riepl continued to consult on industrial enterprises, including an ironworks at Sobotín and mines in Istria, Dalmatia and Bohemia. His work enabled the exploitation of mineral wealth and the industrial

use until 1900. Meanwhile, Périer decided to build and sell steam engines himself at Chaillot for mines and factories across France. He paid an operating fee to Boulton & Watt under licence for his first

and hydraulic presses for packing cloth and testing chains. He was also a consulting engineer to mines, drainage projects, gasworks and waterworks. After he died in 1826, his own foundry made a cast-iron

institute for mine exploration at Glogovica. In 1903 he became the owner of mining rights at Bor in the east of the country. After spending so much on exploration he could develop the mine only by creating [...] one fifth of the shares himself. The mine at Bor became the largest copper producer in Europe and continues to operate today. Weifert went on to explore gold mines successfully and operate a porcelain [...] began to be interested in mining, at first because he wanted coal for his breweries. He opened a coal mine at Kostolac, about 50 km east along the Danube. This attracted him to other mining opportunities and

graduated in law. In 1881 he formed the partnership Aznar y Sota with his cousin Eduardo Aznar to mine iron ore and ship it to steelmakers in Britain. They created mining companies at Setares in Cantabria

established the pattern under which many iron companies were managed both in Britain and overseas. Mines were leased from landowners, and the coal, iron ore and limestone that they produced went to blast

raising capital by establishing a joint-stock company. In 1870 he went into partnership with SA des Mines du Luxembourg et des Forges de Saarbruck, which was run by the Belgian/Luxembourgish industrialist [...] raising capital by establishing a joint-stock company. In 1870 he went into partnership with SA des Mines du Luxembourg et des Forges de Saarbruck, which was run by the Belgian/Luxembourgish industrialist

Upper Silesia and Godulla’s mines and smelters dominated world production. He was known as the ‘king of zinc’. When he died Godulla owned numerous zinc mines, coal mines and zinc smelters as well as very [...] with the landowner there to establish the Mariengrube mine and divide profits equally. In the following years, he invested his earnings in other mines, steelworks and transport facilities. He lent money [...] representative of the von Ballestrem companies. When other landowners prevented the estate from buying mines for calamine (zinc carbonate) to supply its smelting works, Godulla began prospecting in a new area

and Roebuck gave up his partnership in 1768. In the 1760s Roebuck took a lease on estates with coal mines and a salt works at Kinneil, about 10 km east of Carron, though he could raise enough capital to develop

the latest technologies of electric power and telephone communications. He also became a partner in mines in the area and the brewery La Austriaca with his uncle and other members of the extended family.

Russian steam locomotive which was set to work on a railway with cast-iron track that served a copper mine. He received little encouragement from his employers and the locomotive was eventually replaced by

employed 5,000 workers. She owned numerous coal mines that generated huge profits and in 1895 she bought more. At the same time she sold the zinc mines and smelters that Godulla had developed, as the zinc [...] and became one of the wealthiest women in Europe. Born Johanna Gryzik, she was the daughter of a miner who died when she was only three. When her mother remarried, her new husband would not adopt her as [...] churches and hospitals and built an orphanage. A relief fund was set up to support employees of the mines and steelworks, and a boarding school for the workers’ children was established in Bytom.