Wahren was a Swedish businessman who developed the new industrial community of Forssa in Finland in the mid-19th century, one of the country’s earliest industrial towns. He was born into a family of merchants

co-operation and a thinker who inspired socialist movements in many countries. He was born in Newtown in mid-Wales, and apprenticed to James McGuffog, a draper in Stamford, Lincolnshire, before spending time

Schustala (Czech: Ignác Šustala) began a small business making horse-drawn buggies and carriages in the mid-19th century at Kopřivnice (now in the eastern Czech Republic). His workshops expanded into a factory

but their business was ruined by the catastrophic Lisbon earthquake of 1755. In 1757, still in his mid-20s, Stephens proposed building lime kilns at Alcântara using imported coal from Britain to make mortar

park, called Sunniside, after the Maude family home at Bishopwearmouth, which was demolished in the mid-19th century. Her journals, principally covering the years 1752-69 are particularly valuable to historians

Manuel Pinto de Azevedo became one of the leading industrialists and entrepreneurs of Portugal in the mid-twentieth century. He worked his way up from a position as a factory employee to build a group of cotton

manufacturer of biscuits who began his business in 1831 at Carlisle in north-west England. By the mid-nineteenth century he owned one of the largest bakery companies in Britain. Carr’s biscuits were known

by origin a maker of lenses, was one of the leaders of the photographic industry in Europe in the mid-nineteenth century, and in the twentieth century the successors to the company he founded provided

From around the mid-eighteenth century, the chemist and entrepreneur John Roebuck influenced important developments in the British Industrial Revolution, particularly in the manufacture of sulphuric acid

parts and eventually to mass production. Nevertheless, he died a poor man. Roberts grew up in rural mid-Wales, where his father was a shoemaker and tollkeeper for the New Bridge over the River Vyrnwy. While

Putilov was an important figure in defence, industry and engineering in Imperial Russia during the mid-nineteenth century. As a metallurgist and engineer for the state he developed munitions and defence

The Wallenberg family have been the leading business family in Sweden since the mid-nineteenth century. The business dynasty was begun by André Oscar Wallenberg and its business was expanded by his son

European, American and Japanese inventors attempted to transmit still images or moving pictures from the mid-nineteenth century onwards. John Logie Baird, in the 1920s, was the first to produce a practical product

Lowood. The family moved in 1749 to the blast furnace at Bersham in North Wales, although from the mid-1750s John Wilkinson was principally concerned with new ironworks in Shropshire and Staffordshire.

notably for armour plating, and by 1850 was the owner of a foundry in Newport, Monmouthshire. In the mid-1850s he moved to London, then an important centre for shipbuilding. He became involved with the Millwall

1961 they re-established the business at The Old Railway House, Carno, a crossing keeper’s cottage in mid-Wales, from which materials were distributed to women workers who made them up in their own homes.

Benjamin Wegner was a timber merchant and a major producer of cobalt blue pigment in Norway around the mid-nineteenth century. He was born in the Prussian city of Königsberg on the Baltic (now Kaliningrad been

cast iron or works to manufacture wrought-iron until the investments of Pedro Benito Duro. In the mid-nineteenth century he constructed a large ironworks at La Felguera (now part of the city of Langreo)

called aerial tramways, cableways or cablecars) were used to move materials in industry from the mid-nineteenth century. Gondolas were suspended from ropes between pylons and pulled from one end of the

wrote ‘It seemed almost a realisation of one of the gorgeous pictures of the Arabian Nights’. From the mid-1850s he developed an interest in geology, and visited railway construction sites in Leicestershire