and Slovenes”, becoming the poorest region of the first Yugoslavian state. In the period up to World War II, a few factories for processing foods, cotton and tobacco were established, mainly in Skopje [...] severely than the other constituent republics. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of North Macedonia World Atlas: What are the major natural resources of North Macedonia? Bitola. 'Dragor' Flour mill North

Imperial War Musem Eisenerz (A). Ore Mountaine Adventure Essen (D) Zollverein Coking Plant WHS. Ice Ring Essen (D). Zollverein Coking Plant WHS. Swimming Pool Essen (D). Zollverein Mine World Heritage [...] German Technical Museum Birmingham (GB). Museum of the Jewellery Quarter Blaenavon (GB). Iron Work World Heritage Site Blegny (B). Blegny Mine WHS Bocholt (D). Textile Works LWL Industrial Museum Bochum

1930s, the industry suffered a severe crisis that lasted until the demand for fish exploded during World War II. The second pillar of Iceland’s industry is based on the utilisation of energy from renewable [...] public protest on account of its environmental impact. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Iceland World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Iceland? Siglufjörður. Fishmeal Factory

First World War. Toward the end of the century, industrialisation finally reached the rural parts of Bohemia as well. Related Links ERIH Link List WIKIPEDIA: Economy of the Czech Republic World Atlas:

no more than half of Italy was industrialized by the start of World War One. Related Links ERIH Link List WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Italy World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Italy? Milan. Fratelli

Yugoslavia, remained a crisis-plagued agrarian country. Sweeping change occurred following the Second World War. As in the Eastern European “brother states”, socialist Yugoslavia’s government commenced an all-out [...] foreign debt. Related Links Industrial and technical heritage on Kvarner WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Croatia World Atlas: The biggest industries in Croatia Rijeka.Tvornica (Hartera) Paper Factory Croatia was part

link in this geographically arduous country. The expansion of food and textile manufacturing after World War I was again financed by foreign investors. German influence steadily increased from 1934 on, with [...] over 20 % of Bulgarians live below the poverty line. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Bulgaria World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Bulgaria? Burgas. Harbour

initial factory in Kayseri However, it was the more liberal economic policies following the Second World War which truly established industrialisation. Initially, the government subsidised food processing [...] farmers, the country is now independent of food imports. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Turkey World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Turkey History of Istanbul: Economy Istanbul. Bomonti Brewery

intellectual exploitation as the Habsburg version of colonialism. Nevertheless, at the start of World War I, Bosnia was still a poor, predominantly agrarian country. There were no factory jobs to absorb [...] of Yugoslavian industry in the 1970s. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Bosnia and Herzegovina World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Bosnia and Herzegovina? Bosanski Brod. Railway Station Bosnia

which the German Empire would probably have been forced to surrender at the beginning of the First World War for lack of ammunition. Related Links History of Chemicals Industry Sites of the Theme Route [...] companies founded in the 1860s, along with Hoechst and Bayer, which overtook the English companies as the world's leading tar-dye-based corporations. When it became apparent that paints also contained therapeutic [...] toxic ammonia was largely reused. The company named after the inventor still produces much of the world's soda ash using the same principle. In the 1880s, rapid advances in electrical engineering made

Revolution in England, concrete connections have now been proven: English traders trafficked some 2.5 million people from Africa to the plantations of the Caribbean and North America in the 18th century [...] slavery no longer fit the times economically either: capitalism demanded a different image of the world of work, based on the ideas of self-responsibility and the market economy. This meant the concept

result of pressure from the unions: this had sunk even further to around 50 hours by the First World War. Increasing leisure in the evenings, and soon on work-free Sundays, meant that a huge variety of [...] the largest and – after further extensions - allegedly the most impressive cinema palace in the world. Public film shows started in Paris in 1895 and quickly became the leading mass medium. The over-decorated [...] before it was equipped with bowling greens and roundabouts. The famous Big Wheel was built for the World Exhibition of 1897. By contrast the "Tivoli Gardens" in Copenhagen, based on London parks and built

ly early, the Chinese empire started to build up a large bureaucracy. This was probably why in the 2nd century BC the process of papermaking was invented - a process which basically remained in use up [...] providing a basis for scholarship and the arts of poetry and calligraphy, which flourished in the muslim world. Since the Arabs manufactured paper in their european possessions, too, Europe learnt papermaking

18th century, the trade in slaves from West Africa grew rapidly: British ships transported more than 2.5 million people across the Atlantic to the plantations - more than any other nation. In addition to [...] Technology Historic UK: Timeline of the Industrial Revolution WIKIPEDIA: Economy of the United Kingdom World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in the United Kingdom? Telford. Coalbrookdale Ironworks

the area of brown coal mining, another industry requiring a huge amount of land. During the First World War, the AEG power company set up the Zschornewitz brown coal works in the east-German coalmining area [...] in Wörlitz combined the beautiful with the useful, for the Enlightenment Prince hoped to make the world a better place by means of reason. Prince Franz reformed agriculture according to the latest state

so successful, above all in the low-lying marshlands of East Anglia that, at the end of the Civil War in the 1640s, the country's new leader Oliver Cromwell engaged him once more. When the Dutch began [...] steam engines since their invention. He had three engines built, one of which was the largest in the world with a capacity of around 350 hp. The three steam-driven pumps ran round the clock for around three [...] time to ensure that the new polders remain dry. The largest of the three plants later became the world's first official industrial monument. At the time the overpopulated industrial towns had another

corrugated sheets, marine propellers, armour plating and engineering tools. It was only after the First World War that electric steel was mass manufactured. By that time steel production in Great Britain, the cradle [...] in the south of Scotland and in Wales. By the end of the 19th century Great Britain had become the world's largest producer of iron. The government in France now began to commit all its efforts to producing

emigration rate, riven by social divisions which ultimately exploded in 1936 in a bitterly fought civil war that stifled the country’s economy even further. In the aftermath, the internationally shunned dictator [...] Related Links ERIH Link List WIKIPEDIA: Revolución industrial en España WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Spain World Atlas: The biggest industries in Spain Barakaldo. Altos Hornos de Vizcaya Steel Works

the majority were still working individually by hand. The decisive element which turned the whole world of work on its head was mechanisation. The factory age began around the end of the 18th century in [...] leader. Milk conservation can also be traced back to military requirements. During the American Civil War in the 1860s Gail Borden developed condensed milk. A Swiss firm launched it onto the European market

attack anyone who tried to construct them; at times the social conflicts resembled a bloody civil war. The complete production process was now mechanised, from the original ball of fibres to the completed [...] expanding industrial city of Manchester made the county of Lancashire the leading textile region in the world. Hundreds of thousands of workers abandoned the countryside for the cities. The textile industry became