spread to other industries: In the Kingdom of Saxony, textile processing expanded alongside mechanical engineering, and in the Berlin area textile factories also multiplied. In Silesia, a traditional [...] to develop. At the end of the 18th century, mechanised manufacturing began in isolated cases. The textile industry was also a pioneer in Germany, especially in established locations such as the Rhineland [...] mechanisation. The chemical factories, which supplied raw materials, profited from the upswing in textile production: In the 1860s, the most renowned German chemical companies were founded in quick succession:
Kutaisi. A cooperative for silk manufacturing was also founded there, and Tbilisi saw the opening of textile plants and processors of foods such as tea, grapes and citrus fruits. However, the transient successes
branches of industrialisation flourished in the 18th century: Guillaume-Philippe Oberkampf built a textile factory near Versailles, and in Hayange in Lorraine Jean-Martin Wendel, founder of a dynasty of "steel
construction timber and firewood, food, and iron products. From the 1820s on, the first Finnish textile factories appeared. Driven by the availability of water power and an exemption from tariffs, the
"The treasures of the Earth": what, where, when and how were they extracted from the ground? Or "Textile manufacturing": what were the milestones along the way from fibre to factory? Or "Transport and [...] the ground and a huge increase in factories, coal mines and steelworks; villages merged ... more Textiles The thousands of rattling bobbins on the spinning frames in cotton factories have become a byword
took shape starting in the mid-19th century, the most significant milestones being the Kreenholm textile works in Narva in 1857, whose cotton spinning and weaving machinery was driven by the waterfalls [...] gradually developed into a full-fledged industrial settlement, and was for a time among the largest textile manufacturers in the world. As so often, railway construction provided the impetus for further foundings [...] oil shale, these included mainly paper and furniture manufacturing and the production of foods and textiles. In the 1950s, the government also promoted machinery and metal processing, but classic heavy industries
Hungary, Spain and Greece, which continued to depend on agriculture while coal mines, iron works and textile factories were becoming established, slipped into poverty. By contrast, Denmark developed into a [...] conventional industrial production landscape developed in the 1890s. Copenhagen, with its iron works, textile factories and expanding districts of workers’ housing, was its undisputed centre. Soon, one third
particular the manufacture of sugar from beet and a brewing industry. They also invested in the textile, mining and iron industries, which were among the earliest industries to develop. Mechanisation commenced [...] Varnsdorf in 1801, with the first steam engines appearing in Bohemia and Moravia just a few years later. Textile production flourished particularly in Brno (German: Brünn), which was considered the "Moravian M [...] within the Habsburg Empire. However, the social consequences were dramatic. The mechanisation of textile manufacture alone put hundreds of thousands of cottage workers out of work, and Inner Bohemia remained
bentonite and cement; a refinery for imported crude oil was built in the Greek port of Larnaka; and textile and food manufacturing flourish in both Cypriot states. In spite of the setbacks due to partition
industry boasts the same diversity of manufacturing conditions, which is due to the abundance of textile samples that still shapes the industry and enables even smaller and technically outdated companies
the paper industry the second greatest polluter of the environment in the 19th century, after the textile industry. Modern methods of printing received a decisive boost with the introduction of the high-speed
INDUSTRY Listen The emergence of the chemical industry was triggered by the mechanisation of English textile production in the second half of the 18th century. The output of the new spinning and weaving machines [...] bleaching, but was also a basic material for the production of glass and soap, which was also needed for textile processing. For a long time it was produced according to a principle patented by the French chemist [...] by-products. Chlorine also became an industrial product early on, thanks to its ability to bleach textiles - including rags used in paper production. The first effective bleaching agent was produced by a
Bulgaria’s economic history and for many years impeted the path to industrialisation. Although a textile factory was founded in Sliven in 1834, the first in the entire Balkans, the country remained a p [...] to build its industry: even then, the country was dependent on foreign investment. Still, further textile factories were established – such as in Gabrovo, the traditional centre for wool processing – along [...] important north-south road link in this geographically arduous country. The expansion of food and textile manufacturing after World War I was again financed by foreign investors. German influence steadily
Cologne, which was opened in 1843 as the first international railway connection. Before that, the textile cities of Ghent and Bruges had already been connected to the port of Ostend. The first train was
were established to process “home-grown” raw materials. The first steam engine was installed in a textile mill in the 1820s, and the subsequent years of the century mainly saw the establishment of saw mills [...] the industrial base: new plants now manufactured sewing machines and synthetic fibres, glass and textiles. The harvester factory founded in Homel (Russian Gomel) in 1930 remains in business today. World
1947. The industrial region of Kirovabad (today Gǝncǝ), where an aluminium smelter, chemical and textile plants were established before World War II, contributed to economic diversification. The construction [...] which became a centre of light industry, primarily the production of construction materials and textiles. North of Baku, with its innumerable oil refineries, the town of Sumqayıt was founded in 1949. This
regions: Hungary’s development stagnated, as it produced only agricultural goods, but coal mining and textiles in Moravia and the innovative heavy industry of Bohemia became drivers for economic and technical [...] "Austria’s Krupp", formed the established mining and iron-working operations into a powerful cartel. Textile production developed in the Vorarlberg region, and in Vienna – where the Rothschilds founded the
combines sprang up, factories for mechanical engineering and armaments were opened, and enterprises for textiles, shoe and food production were established. The aluminium smelter in Yerevan developed into one
forging hammers. Later on, huge high-power wheels - some made of iron – supplied power to large textile factories and ironworks. Where water was scarce, horizontal waterwheels proved their worth – and [...] USA which were rich in water. The Francis turbine, named after its inventor, was created in the textile centre of Lowell: it had movable vanes which enabled it to react better to the changing amounts of [...] which now began to shoot out of the ground. Steam power began its triumphal march in the booming textile industry, before moving over to coal mines and steelworks. The next fundamental improvement took
