WIKIPEDIA: Revolución industrial en España WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Spain World Atlas: The biggest industries in Spain Barakaldo. Altos Hornos de Vizcaya Steel Works

began and mechanisation was completed in the textile industry. But the faster the wheels of the new industries turned, the greater their hunger for raw materials became - and the more products poured onto the [...] Industrial Revolution WIKIPEDIA: Economy of the United Kingdom World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in the United Kingdom? Telford. Coalbrookdale Ironworks

ed by articles on the industrial history of the countries of Europe and the development of the industries that make up the theme routes. ERIH is certified as a "Cultural Route of the Council of Europe”

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were fulfilled, which guaranteed a base level of revenues. Starting from the end of the 1950s, new industries such as chemical plants, oil refineries and plastics factories emerged with the help of government [...] around the world. The country also exports oil drilling platforms, machinery for the wood and paper industries, and cranes and forklifts. Since the service sector surpassed manufacturing as the most important [...] An Economic History of Finland WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Finland World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Finland? Fiskars. Ironworks

first trains connected Lisbon and Porto in 1864, with a link to Spain following in 1866. As the new industries settled primarily in the capital and in the Porto region, no new jobs were created in rural areas [...] their roles taken over by cooperatives. The government in Lisbon gradually nationalised the key industries and the banks. But the socialist experiment did not last long. Drops in agricultural production [...] isolation. Related Links ERIH Link List WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Portugal World Atlas: The biggest industries in Portugal Lisboa. Xabregas Tobacco Factory (Museo de Lisboa; J. Pedrozo)

College, was established in 1854. The south and west continued to stagnate with modest food-products industries; successful major companies such as Jacob’s Biscuits and the famous Guinness Brewery in Dublin [...] taxes to attract foreign investors. As wages too were very low, businesses in labour-intensive industries such as textile and shoe production and plastics processing soon set up shop. Following Ireland’s [...] ERIH Link List WIKIPEDIA: Economy of the Republic of Ireland World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Ireland? Dublin. Jacob Biscuit Factory

on for the Greek merchant marine also played a role, and remains one of the nation’s strongest industries today. The shipyards of the Aegean Island of Syros, for instance, were among the pioneers in building [...] available, the nation experienced a further industrial impetus: more technically sophisticated industries such as machine tools, chemical and textile production outstripped food and tobacco processing [...] up. Related Links ERIH Link List WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Greece World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Greece? Piraeus. Basileiades Shipyard

developed into pharmaceutical manufacturers. The founding of Sandoz, the “Gesellschaft für Chemische Industrie in Basel, or CIBA, and Hoffmann-La Roche in the last two decades of the 19th century marked the [...] Related Links ERIH Link List WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Switzerland World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Switzerland? St. Gallen. Bodensee Toggenburg Railway | Kubel Power Plant

machinery and railway carriages, Hungarian factories were not competitive due to high costs. New industries such as chemicals, electrical goods and telecommunications were not growing fast enough. The discovery [...] World War: Hungary’s economy boomed, particularly in the arms, chemicals and electrical equipment industries, but only thanks to financing from National Socialist Germany. This was essentially a prelude to [...] Relicts of Hungarian Iron Metallurgy WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Hungary World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Hungary? Győr. Distillery

foreign companies using low corporate tax rates as an incentive, but more technically sophisticated industries are still few and far between. The added value of export products such as clothing, shoes and steel [...] the poverty line. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Bulgaria World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Bulgaria? Burgas. Harbour

government worked to encourage the growth of industry. Up until World War I, typical “entry-level” industries such as food production, textile manufacturing and wood- and metal working emerged, but the strongest [...] government attempted to correct its course, placing greater emphasis on more technically sophisticated industries and cooperation with western businesses: the Dacia automotive plant in Piteʂti has been manufacturing [...] the 1970s, Romania was even exporting offshore drilling rigs. In the spirit of self-sufficiency, industries produced a wide range of petroleum derivatives, as well as pharmaceuticals, locomotives and electronic

aegis after Czechoslovakia was reconstituted in 1945. In the course of establishing powerful heavy industries in the new socialist nations, the leadership of the USSR assigned Slovakia the role of arms maker [...] the population. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Slovakia World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Slovakia Žilina. Cloth Factory

had the highest priority, mining and metal processing expanded as well, and even the traditional industries of food production, wood processing and paper manufacturing grew dramatically. In particular, Croatia’s [...] Industrial and technical heritage on Kvarner WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Croatia World Atlas: The biggest industries in Croatia Rijeka.Tvornica (Hartera) Paper Factory Croatia was part of the 'Socialist Federal Republic

Industrialization in the Soviet Union WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Russia World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Russia Perm. Motovolikha Copper Mill Russia was a union republic of the 'Union of Soviet Socialist

After reconstruction, the now-independent Republic of Estonia witnessed the founding of further industries on the basis of local raw materials, such as cement plants, wood processing and food production [...] most Estonian-made products flowed back to the Soviet Union. Resources were mainly allocated to industries that had developed during the period of independence: in addition to the mining and chemical processing [...] textiles. In the 1950s, the government also promoted machinery and metal processing, but classic heavy industries such as coal mining, steel-making and automotive manufacturing were omitted, as the country lacked

factories when Latvia gained independence in 1918. However, the government succeeded in building new industries on the basis of domestic raw materials such as wood and flax. Agricultural productivity was enhanced [...] still relatively intact. As natural resources were lacking, Moscow encouraged labour-intensive industries – and the new rulers also wanted to bind the Baltic more closely with the USSR at the same time [...] sector. Related Links ERIH Link-List WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Latvia World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Latvia? Līgatne. Riga Paper Mill and Village Listen Latvia was a union republic of the 'Union

n of giant heavy industrial plants, but instead began to expand the established food and light industries. Lithuania did not experience a massive industrialisation until the end of the 1950s. The chemical [...] near Ufa. On account of the great scarcity of raw materials, Moscow located many labour-intensive industries in the Balkans, which resulted in a massive influx of Russian workers. As a consequence, the Baltic [...] Related Links ERIH Link-List WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Lithuania World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Lithuania? Šilutė (Heydekrug). Gasworks Lithiania was a union republic of the 'Union of Soviet

Russia only increased. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Ukraine World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Ukraine? Heinrich Böll Stiftung Kyiv: Soviet Economic Integration or Industrial Colonialism

attracted capital, and mining and iron-working expanded, along with food production, textile and paper industries. The number of factories had almost doubled by the beginning of the Second World War, although [...] proportion of services. Related Links WIKIPEDIA: Economy of Slovenia World Atlas: What are the biggest industries in Slovenia Domžale. J. Oberwalder & Co. Straw Hat Factory Slovenia was part of the 'Socialist