The Italian Centre for Coal Mining Culture is the main coal mining museum in Italy. The site is a part of Geomineral Historical and Environmental Park of Sardinia, which is a member of UNESCO's Global Geoparks Network.

The coal mining activity lasted from 1937 until 1964 and characterized the economy of the Sulcis area. It represented among the 30’s and 50’s one of the most important energetic resources in Italy. Strongly wanted by the Fascist government, which needed it for domestic power production, the Great Mine of Serbariu was the largest mine in Italy, with 18,000 employees (16,000 miners), 33 hectares on surface and 100 km of underground galleries.

The site has been restored and modified to become a museum and an educational centre; as a result of the development of this project, it is now possible to visit the underground gallery, the surface area and the buildings that compose the Coal Mining Museum.

The Coal Mining Museum includes the lamp room, the underground gallery and the winch room. Inside the lamp room there is a permanent exhibition about the history of coal, of the mine and of the town of Carbonia; the wide hall houses a precious collection of mine lamps, work tools, daily used objects, photos, documents, short period video-clips and interviews with miners. The underground gallery shows how the technological evolution of the coal exploitation has changed in the Serbariu mine from the 30’s until its closure. It has accurately reconstructed spaces enriched with work tools and machinery which were used in the past or that are still in use in coal mining. Also the winch room preserves the original machine which allowed the descent and the rise of the cages up and down the shafts for coal and miners transport.